Avoir: to Have

1) Forms

Interrogative form : [Verb + Subject + ? ] Affirmative form: [ Subject + Verb ] Negative form : [ Subject + Ne + Verb + Pas ]

Ai-je?

As-tu?

A-t-elle?

A-t-il?

A-t-on?

Avons-nous?

Avez-vous?

Ont-elles?

Ont-ils?

Have I?

Have you?

Has she?

Has he?

Has there (it)?

Have we?

Have you?

Have they? ( -*F-)

Have they? (-M-)

J'ai

Tu as

Elle a

Il a

On a

Nous avons

Vous avez

Elles ont

Ils ont

I have

You have

She has

He has

There(it) has

We have

You have

They have (-F-)

They have (-M-)

Je *n'ai pas

Tu n 'as pas

Elle n'a pas

Il n'a pas

On n'a pas

Nous n'avons pas

Vous n'avez pas

Elles n'ont pas

Ils n'ont pas

I have not

You have not

She has not

He has not

There(it)has not

We have not

You have not

They have not (-F-)

They have not (-M-)

*(F)=Feminine// (M)=Masculine
*Notice that ne becomes n' before vowel or mute h.

2) Uses: Avoir can express :

  • -the possession

(as to Have or to Have got)

J'ai des livres.
= I have (got) books.

Vous avez une maison.
=You have a house.

Ils ont des enfants.
= They have (got) children.

  • -the age

(as to Be... years old):

Quel âge avez-vous?
= How old are you?

J'ai quinze ans.
=I am fifteen years old.

  • -the obtaining:

Tu as la parole.
= Your turn comes to speak.

Avoir can also be used in phrases that express:

  • -sensations:

Avoir faim = To be hungry.
Ex.: J'ai faim, je veux manger.

Avoir soif = To be thirsty.
Ex.: Elle a soif: elle veut boire quelque chose.

Avoir froid = To be cold.
Ex.:Nous avons froid, fermez les fenêtres s'il vous plaît!

Avoir chaud = To be warm.
Ex.: As-tu assez chaud?

Avoir sommeil = To be sleepy.
Après une nuit blanche, ils ont sommeil.

Avoir mal = To have aching...
Ex.: Vous avez mal aux dents?

  • -feelings:

Avoir peur = To be afraid

Avoir pitié = To have pity on someone...

Avoir horreur = To hate

Avoir envie = To feel like smtg

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